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目的分析职业性镉接触人群泌尿、血液、呼吸系统相关指标的变化。方法比较某镍镉电池厂镉接触人群(n=100)与无镉接触对照人群(n=81)尿镉、尿β2-微球蛋白、血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞、血小板、FEV1/FVC(第1 s用力呼气容积/用力肺活量)的差异。结果该厂工人作业环境中镉浓度超过国家标准。接触组尿镉超标率(25%,25/100)显著高于对照组(2.47%,2/81)(P<0.001),尿镉、β2-微球蛋白水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血红蛋白显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。接触组和对照组之间红细胞、白细胞、血小板、FEV1/FVC差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论镍镉电池厂镉接触会使尿镉、β2-微球蛋白值增加,并导致贫血。
Objective To analyze the changes of urinary, blood and respiratory related factors in occupational cadmium exposed groups. Methods The urinary cadmium, urinary β2-microglobulin, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leucocytes, platelets, FEV1 / FVC (n = 81) were compared between a cadmium exposed group and a cadmium exposed group s forced expiratory volume / forced vital capacity) differences. The results of the factory workers in the operating environment of cadmium concentration exceeds the national standard. The urinary cadmium exceeded the standard (25%, 25/100) in the exposure group was significantly higher than that in the control group (2.47%, 2/81) (P <0.001) 0.05), hemoglobin was significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05). The difference of erythrocyte, leucocyte, platelet, FEV1 / FVC between the contact group and the control group was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions Cadmium exposure in nickel-cadmium cells increases urinary cadmium and β2-microglobulin values and causes anemia.