目的　探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的诊断及围术期处理方法。方法　观察疑似患儿的临床特征,同时行头颈侧位片和纤维鼻咽镜检查及夜间持续脉搏氧饱和度和呼吸监测,诊断(35例)后在全麻下行手术。结果　患儿多伴有扁桃体肥大(77.1%)和/或腺样体肥大(80.0%)、反复呼吸道感染(85.7%)、中耳炎(.4%)、发育迟缓(62.6%)或肥胖(17.5%),心电图异常占14.3%及脑电图异常占11.3%;睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数≥5 占100%,1~4 占57.1%。对患儿均行扁桃体加腺样体切除术,同时行改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术6例,双侧鼓膜切开引流术18例。麻醉诱导时出现上呼吸道梗阻3例。结论　用便携式多功能监测仪行夜间持续脉搏氧饱和度和呼吸监测,结合临床特征及影像学检查可明确诊断。治疗方式是扁桃体和腺样体切除术。充分的术前准备和气道评估有助于降低围术期较高的麻醉风险。 Objective To investigate the diagnosis and perioperative management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Methods The clinical features of suspected children were observed. At the same time, head and neck lateral and fibrous nasopharyngoscopy and continuous pulse oximetry and respiratory monitoring at night were performed. After the diagnosis (35 cases), the patients underwent general anesthesia. Results Most children with tonsil hypertrophy (77.1%) and / or adenoid hypertrophy (80.0%), recurrent respiratory tract infection (85.7%), otitis media (4%), stunting (62.6%) or obesity (17.5% ), Abnormal ECG accounted for 14.3% and abnormal EEG accounted for 11.3%; sleep apnea hypopnea index ≥ 5 accounted for 100%, 1 to 4 accounted for 57.1%. Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy were performed in both children. Six cases of modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and 18 cases of bilateral tympanotomy were performed. Anesthesia induced upper airway obstruction occurred in 3 cases. Conclusions Continuous multi-function monitor with portable oxygen saturation pulse at night and respiratory monitoring, combined with clinical features and imaging examination can confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Adequate preoperative preparation and airway assessment help reduce the high perioperative anesthesia risk.