论文部分内容阅读
麻痹性贝毒(paralytic shellfish toxins)包括石房蛤毒素(saxitoxin)及其同系物,是一类具有神经毒性的生物毒素,主要由甲藻和蓝藻产生。近年来,在蓝藻和甲藻中相继发现了一些与石房蛤毒素合成密切相关的基因,并建立了基于特定产毒基因的有毒藻类检测方法。长江口邻近海域是我国近海有害藻华的高发区,本研究尝试应用基于麻痹性贝毒产毒基因sxt A的q PCR检测方法,与有毒塔玛亚历山大藻复合种(I型和IV型)的q PCR检测方法和麻痹性贝毒的高效液相色谱方法相结合,对2013年春季长江口邻近海域两条断面上有毒藻和藻毒素的分布及变动情况进行了分析。结果表明,基于sxt A的q PCR检测结果与IV型塔玛亚历山大藻复合种的数量存在较好的相关性(r2=0.52,P<0.05),说明IV型塔玛亚历山大藻复合种是采样期间长江口邻近海域麻痹性贝毒的主要来源;而样品中藻毒素含量与两种q PCR方法得到的有毒藻数量之间并没有明显相关性。可见,基于产毒基因的检测方法在长江口邻近海域有毒藻类检测中具有一定优势,但不足以准确反映该海域藻毒素的水平。
Paralytic shellfish toxins, including saxitoxin and its homologs, are a group of neurotoxin-producing biotoxins that are predominantly produced by dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria. In recent years, some genes closely related to the synthesis of saxitoxin have been found in cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates, and toxic algae detection methods based on specific toxigenic genes have been established. The sea near the Changjiang Estuary is a high incidence area of harmful algal blooms in the coastal areas of China. In this study, q PCR method based on sxt A of paralytic shellfish poisoning gene was used in this study. q PCR method and paraquat shellfish poisoning by HPLC were used to analyze the distribution and changes of toxic algae and algae toxins on the two sections of the Yangtze River Estuary in the spring of 2013. The results showed that there was a good correlation between the q PCR results based on sxt A and the number of species of Alexandrium tamarense IV (r2 = 0.52, P <0.05), indicating that the Alexandrium tamarense type IV was sampled during the sampling period The main source of paralytic shellfish poisoning in the vicinity of the Yangtze Estuary; however, there was no significant correlation between the amount of algal toxin in the sample and the number of toxic algae obtained by the two q PCR methods. It can be seen that the detection method based on toxin gene has some advantages in the detection of toxic algae in the estuary of the Yangtze River estuary, but it is not enough to accurately reflect the level of the soil microtoxin.