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与长江1954 年洪灾相比较,1998 年洪灾具有“中水量、高水位、大灾害”的特征。流域内原始森林的过量采伐、大量湖泊的消亡、河道的普遍淤塞等生态系统的破坏引起了长江产流、汇流、洪水调蓄、行洪等水文条件的严重恶化。这是长江流域洪灾频繁,灾情加重的主要原因。
Compared with the 1954 floods in the Yangtze River, the 1998 floods have the characteristics of “water volume, high water level and catastrophe”. The over-harvesting of pristine forests in the basin, the destruction of a large number of lakes and the general blockage of rivers caused the serious deterioration of hydrological conditions such as runoff, confluence, flood regulation and flood control in the Yangtze River. This is the main reason for the frequent flooding in the Yangtze River basin and the worsening of the disaster.