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(一)素描(Design)是外来术语,原意是计划、图样、草图等。运用在美术上,一般指用单色的描绘工具(如毛笔、木炭条、铅笔、炭精条、钢笔等)按计划或设计画出的草图,和作为绘画或建筑设计的稿子。在西欧古代并没有形成一套有关素描的方法及作品。直到文艺复兴前后,医学和几何学的发展,影响到艺术领域,不少艺术大师在继承前人绘画经验的基础上,通过辛勤的实践研究,摸索出运用解剖和透视原理等素描写生的科学法则,并为我们人类留下了非常宝贵的素描杰作。象达·芬奇、米开朗基罗等,在素描造型中刻划人体的结构与形象的真实和深刻感,已经获得了卓越的成就。由于当时大师们十分重视人体的解剖结构,运动规律及透视法则,在描绘形象的技法上
(A) Sketch (Design) is a foreign term, intended to plan, drawings, sketches and so on. Used in art, it generally refers to sketches planned or designed with monochrome portrayal tools (such as brush, charcoal, pencil, carbon strip, fountain pen, etc.) and manuscripts for painting or architectural design. In Western Europe, there was not a set of methods and works related to sketches in ancient times. Until the Renaissance, the development of medicine and geometry affected the field of art. Many masters of arts inherited the painting experience of previous generations and worked hard to find out the scientific laws of sketch using anatomy and perspective theory , And left a very valuable masterpiece for our humanity. Like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, the real and deep sense of the structure and the image of the human body sketched in the sketch shape has achieved remarkable success. At that time, the masters attached great importance to the anatomy of the human body, the laws of movement and the law of perspective,