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目的研究医院重症监护室导管相关性医院感染危险因素,为采取防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用目标性监测方法,对该医院2007~2008年期间重症监护室227例静脉留置导管住院患者临床资料进行了监测。结果在2年时间内,该重症监护室227例静脉留置导管患者中,发生导管相关性血流感染17例,感染率为7.49%。从感染病人标本中检出致病菌19株,其中革兰阳性球菌占47.37%,真菌占31.58%,革兰阴性杆菌占21.05%。静脉导管留置时间在1周以内,感染率为1.75%;留置时间2~3周,感染率为27.59%。股静脉留置者感染率为9.90%,颈内静脉留置者感染率为20%。结论重症监护室病人静脉留置导管时间是医院感染发生的主要危险因素,股静脉留置感染风险相对较低。
Objective To study the risk factors of catheter-related nosocomial infection in hospital intensive care unit and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control measures. Methods A targeted monitoring method was used to monitor the clinical data of 227 hospitalized patients with intravenous catheter in intensive care unit during 2007-2008. Results In 2 years, there were 17 cases of catheter-related bloodstream infections in 227 ICU catheterized patients in this intensive care unit, with an infection rate of 7.49%. Nineteen pathogenic bacteria were detected from infected patients, of which 47.37% were gram-positive cocci, 31.58% were fungi and 21.05% were gram-negative bacilli. Intravenous catheter indwelling time within 1 week, the infection rate was 1.75%; indwelling time of 2 to 3 weeks, the infection rate was 27.59%. Femoral vein infection rate was 9.90%, jugular vein catheterization infection rate was 20%. Conclusion The duration of venous catheterization in intensive care unit is the main risk factor for nosocomial infection. The risk of indwelling femoral vein is relatively low.