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目的 :进一步了解正常新生儿瞬态诱发耳声发射 (TEOAE)的特性 ,为新生儿听力筛查提供帮助。方法 :采用ILO96型耳声发射仪 ,对出生后 0 (出生当天 )～ 8d的 2 15例 (42 5耳 )正常新生儿进行TEOAE测试 ,并跟踪随访。结果 :TEOAE总检出率为 89% ,检出率与检测时的天龄有一定的关系 ,新生儿出生后 0～ 3d检出率平均为 72 % ,4～ 8d为 97%。分娩方式、左右耳、孕龄 36至 4 1周间的差异对检出率无明显影响 ;女性的检出率显著高于男性。快速扫描较TEOAE测试敏感。经随访确诊有 1耳听力损害。结论 :新生儿听力筛查应在出生后≥ 4d出院前进行 ;分娩方式对耳蜗功能无明显影响 ;人耳蜗毛细胞的成熟是在怀孕 36周以前 ;快速扫描不能代替TEOAE测试 ;对于 1耳或双耳未检出TEOAE的受测者必须跟踪随访和复检 ,并结合ABR测试尽早确诊。
Objective: To further understand the characteristics of transient-induced otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) in normal newborns and to provide assistance in neonatal hearing screening. METHODS: Twenty-one (42.5 ears) normal newborns from 0 (birth day) to 8 days after birth were tested for TEOAE using an ILO96 otoacoustic transmitter and followed up. Results: The overall detection rate of TEOAE was 89%. The detection rate was related to the age at the time of detection. The detection rate of newborns was 72% at 0 ~ 3d after birth and 97% at 4 ~ 8 days. The mode of delivery, left and right ears, gestational age 36 to 4 1 weeks of the difference between the detection rate had no significant effect; the detection rate of women was significantly higher than men. Fast scanning is more sensitive than the TEOAE test. Follow-up diagnosed with 1 ear hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal hearing screening should be performed before discharge ≥4 days after birth; mode of delivery has no significant effect on cochlear function; cochlear hair cells mature more than 36 weeks before pregnancy; rapid scanning can not replace the TEOAE test; Subjects with no detectable TEOAE in both ears must follow-up and retest and be diagnosed early with ABR test.