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公元1644年,这一年发生了很多重要的历史事件:李自成携众攻入北京,大明崇祯帝自缢于煤山。紧接着李自成激怒吴三桂,吴向清军献山海关,从而清军得以轻松入关,开启了满人统治的时代。处于这个大动荡时代的民众,饱受各种战争、天灾的伤痛。但是,文化艺术及思想界却十分活跃。纵观中国历史,往往在较为混乱的时代,亦是文化艺术最为繁荣的时期,如魏晋南北朝时期、唐末及其清末至民国。明清交替之际也不例外,在思想界出现了黄
In 1644 AD, a number of important historical events took place this year: Li Zicheng and his entourage arrived in Beijing, and Daming Chongzhen Emperor became self-interested in Meishan. Immediately thereafter, Li Zicheng enraged Wu Sangui and Wu Xiangqing to dedicate the Shanhaiguan Pass, so that the Qing troops could easily enter the country and open the era of Manchu rule. The people in this era of turmoil are suffering from all sorts of wars and natural disasters. However, the cultural arts and intellectual circles are very active. Throughout the history of China, often in a more chaotic era, is also the most prosperous period of culture and arts, such as the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, the late Tang and late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. The occasion of the alternation between the Ming and Qing Dynasties is no exception, appeared in the ideological yellow