中国出现持续的国际收支“双顺差”是一个极不合理的现象。本文从产业结构、劳动力素质、资源环境、金融体系等方面分析了我国双顺差的成本与风险,提出了健全和完善国际收支平衡机制的必要性。 China’s sustained balance of payments “double surplus ” is a very unreasonable phenomenon. This paper analyzes the cost and risk of China’s double surpluses from the aspects of industrial structure, labor quality, resources and environment, financial system and so on, and puts forward the necessity of perfecting the balance of payments mechanism.