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本世纪初在俄国,在大学和创建于彼得堡的工业大学及矿业学院的成员中,以及在地质委员会中具有少数的岩石学家的集体,在这个集体里有最出色的专家,曾是直接的学术创造者。他们中间必须举出的有:对岩石学的发展做出许多贡献的卡尔宾斯基;在十九世纪末到二十世纪初确立了许多世界科学发展方向的主要理论岩石学家一列文生·列星格;提出岩石学研究的新的极好方法的E.C.费德洛夫和维尔纳茨基,大部分观点决定了岩石研究的进一步发展方向的,以及其他的主要的专家。但是形式的科学和实际的矿业之间存在着脱离现象。应当指出当时俄罗斯的工业是很落后的。大多数矿产品,无论是成品还是半成品都是从国外按极高的价格输入的。而这些常常是在俄罗斯国土上开采的原料,当时,俄罗斯的国土研究很差,特别是在国家的原料资源方面。
At the beginning of this century in Russia, among the universities and the members of the universities and the universities of the industrial and mining institutes founded in Petersburg, and the few groups of petrographers in the Geological Commission, the best experts in this group were formerly direct Academic creator. Among them, one must mention Carpennski, who made many contributions to the development of petrology; the main theoretical petrologic, star of a series of literary students, who established many directions of world science in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries The new excellent method of studying petrology EC Federick and Vernutsky, most of the points of view determine the further development of rock research, as well as other key experts. But there is a disconnect between the formal science and the actual mining. It should be pointed out that at that time Russia’s industry was very backward. Most mineral products, whether finished or semi-finished, are imported at very high prices from abroad. These were often the raw materials that were mined on Russian soil, when Russia’s land studies were poor, especially in the country’s raw material resources.