论文部分内容阅读
目的总结光明新区滑坡事故后公共卫生应急处置经验,为今后相关的事故或灾害救援工作提供有益借鉴。方法应用风险评估方法,列举各类风险事件,针对性地构建滑坡事故后公共卫生应急处置体系,包括应急管理、症状监测、食品安全保障、饮用水监测、职业卫生监测、病媒生物监测、心理干预、现场消毒和健康教育等。结果 2015年12月20日-2016年2月5日,救援现场及各安置点灾后无传染病疫情及突发公共卫生事件发生,累计报告症状监测病例79例,其中救援人员48例,安置点群众31例,主要以腹泻(41.8%)和发热(31.6%)为主;累计采集水质样品363份、空气样品335份、土壤样品92份,检测外照射γ射线辐射水平150个点,结果均未见异常;累计环境消杀面积9 531 840 m~2,开展26次鼠密度、7次蝇密度和2次蚊密度监测,病媒生物密度控制在较低水平;累计发现心理问题和精神障碍患者187人;累计派发防病宣传折页20 320张。结论滑坡事故后快速建立的公共卫生应急处置体系,能有效防止传染病疫情等突发公共卫生事件的发生,为救援工作的顺利开展提供重要的卫生保障。
Objective To summarize the public health emergency response experience after the landslide incident in Guangming New District and provide useful reference for future accident or disaster relief work. Methods Apply risk assessment methods to enumerate all kinds of risk events and construct public health emergency response system after landslide accidents, including emergency management, symptom monitoring, food safety assurance, drinking water monitoring, occupational health monitoring, vector monitoring, psychology Intervention, on-site disinfection and health education. Results From December 20, 2015 to February 5, 2016, the outbreak of post-disaster infectious diseases and public health emergencies at the rescue site and resettlement sites occurred. A total of 79 cases of symptom monitoring were reported, including 48 rescue workers and resettlement sites The masses were mainly 31 cases with diarrhea (41.8%) and fever (31.6%). A total of 363 water samples, 335 air samples and 92 soil samples were collected. The radiation level of external γ-rays was detected 150 points. No abnormality was found. Total environmental disinfection area was 9 531 840 m 2, 26 rat density, 7 fly density and 2 mosquito density were monitored, and vector density was controlled at a relatively low level. Psychological problems and mental disorders were found 187 patients; cumulative distribution of 20 320 anti-disease propaganda leaflets. Conclusions The rapid establishment of public health emergency response system after landslide can effectively prevent the occurrence of public health emergencies such as the outbreak of infectious diseases and provide important health guarantee for the smooth implementation of the rescue work.