对机车悬挂装置用螺旋弹簧、应力分布、材料特性、制造工艺及常见失效模式进行了分析。此弹簧在投入运用后数月发生永久失效,故采用分析法和有限元软件,对机车悬挂螺旋弹簧进行失效分析。除进行目视检查外,还采取以下试验技术来展开调查:(a)在光谱仪上进行仪器化学分析;(b)设计计算确定安全系数;(c)计算并比较设计应力和极限应力;(d)在负载分配状况下对转向架弹簧进行计算。分析表明内生的材料缺陷与工艺的不足导致了弹簧的失效。 The coil springs, the stress distribution, the material properties, the manufacturing process and the common failure modes of locomotive suspension are analyzed. This spring has been put into use a few months after the permanent failure, so the use of analytical methods and finite element software, the suspension coil spring locomotive failure analysis. In addition to the visual inspection, the following test techniques were also used to investigate: (a) chemical analysis of the instrument on a spectrometer; (b) design calculation to determine safety factor; (c) calculation and comparison of design stress and ultimate stress; (d ) Calculate the bogie spring under load sharing conditions. Analysis shows that the lack of endogenous material defects and processes led to the failure of the spring.