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胰高糖素样肽1(GLP-1)是一种肠肽类激素,GLP-1不仅可促进胰岛素合成和分泌、抑制B细胞凋亡、促进B细胞增殖、抑制胰高糖素分泌;还可降低食欲,延缓胃排空;GLP-1对心血管功能产生有益作用。人GLP-1类似物适用于二甲双胍、磺脲类和(或)胰岛素增敏剂控制血糖仍不满意的2型糖尿病患者。在1型糖尿病中,GLP-1对空腹血糖的作用,取决于患者血糖、胰升糖素水平及残存胰岛B细胞功能。GLP-1能改善餐后血糖的波动,根据患者残存B细胞功能的多少,其作用机制可能有差别。
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal peptide hormone. GLP-1 not only promotes insulin synthesis and secretion, inhibits B cell apoptosis, promotes B cell proliferation, and inhibits glucagon secretion. Can reduce appetite, delay gastric emptying; GLP-1 has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular function. Human GLP-1 analogues are suitable for patients with type 2 diabetes who are not satisfied with metformin, sulfonylureas and / or insulin sensitizers to control their blood glucose. In type 1 diabetes, the effect of GLP-1 on fasting blood glucose depends on the patient’s blood glucose, glucagon levels, and residual islet B cell function. GLP-1 can improve postprandial blood glucose fluctuations, the mechanism of action may be different according to the number of residual B cell function in patients.