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目的:研究中国北方地区成人椎孔形态从C3～L5的连续性变化特征,补充国人椎骨形态的数据资料。方法:选用中国北方出土的干燥椎骨(C3～L5)124套,其中男性56例,女性68例,采用人体测量方法,用电子游标卡尺测量了椎孔横、矢状径,也计算了椎孔指数。结果:(1)颈、胸、腰椎的椎孔横径男性分别为23.02、16.17和23.40mm,女性分别为22.78、16.49和22.83mm。(2)颈、胸、腰椎的椎孔矢状径男性分别为13.39、14.80和15.62mm,女性分别为13.06、14.80和16.29mm。(3)颈、胸、腰椎的椎孔指数男性分别为58.2、92.5和67.2,女性分别为57.4、90.4和71.7。结论:椎孔横径和矢状径有明显的地区差别,而性差不明显。
OBJECTIVE: To study the continuity of vertebral foramina from C3 to L5 in northern China and to supplement the data of vertebrae of Chinese. Methods: A total of 124 sets of dry vertebrae (C3 ~ L5) were excavated from north of China, including 56 males and 68 females. The transverse and sagittal diameters of vertebral foramen were measured by the electronic calipers and the intervertebral foramina index . Results: (1) The transverse diameters of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were 23.02, 16.17 and 23.40 mm, respectively. The females were 22.78, 16.49 and 22.83 mm respectively. (2) The sagittal diameters of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were 13.39, 14.80 and 15.62 mm respectively, and the females were 13.06, 14.80 and 16.29 mm respectively. (3) The cervical foramen index in the neck, thoracic and lumbar spine were 58.2, 92.5 and 67.2 respectively, and the females were 57.4, 90.4 and 71.7 respectively. Conclusion: There are obvious regional differences in transverse diameter and sagittal diameter of vertebral foramen, while the difference is not obvious.