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本文基于1998—2007年中国微观企业数据,结合工具变量法和Heckman两阶段估计法,从创新的视角研究了中间品贸易自由化对企业工资的影响。结果表明,企业创新程度的提高强化了中间品关税削减对工资的积极效应,该强化作用主要集中在出口和外资企业,结论在替换创新指标、控制内生性后保持高度稳健。进一步分析发现,即便控制生产率和投入成本两种作用渠道,创新的强化作用仍然显著。本文结论对于宏观贸易自由化背景下的微观企业创新决策具有重要的指导意义。
Based on the micro-enterprise data from 1998 to 2007 in China and the tool-variable method and Heckman’s two-stage estimation method, this paper studies the impact of the trade liberalization of intermediary products on the wages of enterprises from an innovation perspective. The results show that the improvement of enterprise innovation strengthens the positive effect of the tariff reduction of intermediate products on wages. The strengthening effect mainly concentrates on exporting and foreign-funded enterprises, and the conclusion remains highly stable after replacing innovation indicators and controlling endogenesis. Further analysis found that, even if the control of productivity and input costs of the two channels of action, the strengthening of innovation is still significant. The conclusion of this paper is of great guiding significance to the micro-enterprise innovation decision under the background of macro-trade liberalization.