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蒙古森林资源匮乏,但却在防止土地退化、保持水土、提供野生动物栖息地等方面发挥着重要作用。蒙古制定了森林法规、政策和规划体系,但林业政策优先领域主要集中在防治森林火灾和病虫害及鼓励木材加工等方面。林业发展战略则偏重技术,缺乏对林业根本问题的关键性分析。林业立法将大部分森林管理职责下放至地方政府,但因其缺乏资金和技术人员,各项林业政策和规划难以得到有效执行,森林资源被迅速开发。文中介绍了蒙古林业资源和管理现状、林业政策规划及林业发展面临的问题,提出了我国与蒙古开展林业合作的领域和方式,以期为两国林业合作提供重要信息支撑。
The lack of forest resources in Mongolia plays an important role in preventing land degradation, maintaining soil and water and providing wildlife habitat. Mongolia has developed a system of forest regulation, policy and planning but priority areas for forestry policy have focused on combating forest fires and pests and diseases and encouraging wood processing. Forestry development strategy is more emphasis on technology, the lack of a critical analysis of the fundamental issues of forestry. Forestry legislation delegates most of its forest management responsibilities to local governments. However, due to its lack of funds and technical personnel, various forestry policies and plans can not be effectively implemented and forest resources are rapidly developed. This paper introduces the current situation of forestry resources and management in Mongolia, forestry policy planning and the problems faced by the development of forestry, and puts forward the fields and methods of forestry cooperation between China and Mongolia in order to provide important information support for forestry cooperation between the two countries.