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为提高大型板类件拉形精度,介绍了传统整体夹钳拉形机的特点,提出了新型柔性压辊拉形原理.以球形件为例,分别对两种夹钳结构的拉伸成形过程建立有限元模型,并进行数值模拟,对比分析了两种夹钳结构作用下的成形结果.研究表明:柔性压辊拉形方式所得的成形件,其应力、应变分布均匀,成形质量较整体夹钳方式明显提高;而采用传统整体夹钳所成形的部件,其局部应力集中现象相对严重.利用柔性压辊拉形理论,分别对采用平板式结构夹钳和拉延筋式结构夹钳成形球形件的过程建立有限元模型并进行模拟分析,根据板材拉形过程的流动理论,对比分析两种夹持方式下板材的流动状态.研究发现:采用拉延筋式夹钳进行拉伸成形,处于夹钳中的板材流动效果较好;而利用平板式夹钳的成形过程中,板材流动量较小.实验验证结果与模拟结果趋势一致.
In order to improve the drawing accuracy of the large-sized board parts, the characteristics of the traditional whole-gripper drawing machine are introduced and a new principle of drawing the flexible roller is put forward. Taking the spherical parts as an example, the drawing process of the two kinds of clamps The finite element model was established and numerical simulation was carried out to compare and analyze the forming results under the action of two kinds of clamps.The results show that the forming parts obtained by the drawing process of the flexible pressure roller have uniform stress and strain distribution and the forming quality is better The way of pincers is obviously improved.While the part formed by the traditional whole clamp is relatively serious, the phenomenon of local stress concentration is relatively serious.Using flexible pull-roll theory, The finite element model was established and the simulation analysis was carried out.According to the flow theory of the drawing process of sheet metal, the flow state of the sheet under the two kinds of clamping methods was compared and analyzed.It was found that the drawbead method was used to stretch forming, The flow of the plate in the clamp is better, while the flow of the plate is smaller during the forming process of the flat clamp, and the experimental verification results are consistent with the simulation results.