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改革工资制度,体现医生的人力资本价值,是医疗卫生改革的重要方面。本文利用2008年经济普查中11874家医院的微观数据,估计了医院收入方程和员工工资方程。医生是医院中人力资本较高的群体,通过比较高人力资本员工和低人力资本员工的边际产出比和工资比,本文考察了医生正常工资相对于其他群体是否被低估。结果表明,中国医疗机构中人力资本回报相对于其创造的价值并不合理,表现为高人力资本员工与低人力资本员工间的劳动生产率之比显著高于其工资之比,这一点在民营医院表现得更为突出,而且在经济欠发达地区医院、规模不足的医院,高学历员工的工资相对于其创造的产出而言被低估的程度越高。
Reforming the wage system and reflecting the value of human capital for doctors are important aspects of health care reform. In this paper, we use the micro-data of 11,874 hospitals in the 2008 economic census to estimate the hospital’s income equation and employee’s wage equation. Doctors are the groups with higher human capital in the hospital. By comparing the marginal product ratio and the wage ratio of the high-level and low-level employees, this paper examines whether the doctor’s normal salary is underestimated relative to other groups. The results show that the return on human capital in China’s medical institutions is not justified by the value it creates, as the ratio of labor productivity between highly-skilled workers and those with lower-paid workers is significantly higher than the wage-to-labor ratio in private hospitals Are more prominent, and the underestimated levels of wages in hospitals, under-scaled hospitals and highly educated workers in economically underdeveloped regions relative to the output they create.