论文部分内容阅读
目的了解深圳市居民吸烟现况及影响因素,为进一步推进控烟工作提供依据。方法于2016年1-2月,采用等比例随机抽样方法,从深圳市10个行政区抽取了274个禁烟场所,每个场所拦截调查10名居民,有效调查2 708名居民。采用自行设计的调查问卷对调查对象的一般情况、烟草危害的认知、《深圳经济特区控制吸烟条例》的认知,吸烟行为和控烟态度进行调查。用SPSS 19.0软件进行χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果深圳市15~70岁居民现在吸烟率为25.18%。不同性别、年龄、文化程度和职业居民现在吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。logistic回归分析结果显示,烟草危害知识得分高(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.67~0.86)是保护因素;而男性(OR=12.94,95%CI:9.41~17.79)、高年龄(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.10~1.45)、反对控烟(OR=3.70,95%CI:2.84~4.81)是危险因素。结论应将高龄人群、男性、反对控烟者列为控烟干预重点对象,可通过提供戒烟服务、加强宣传教育和控烟执法等措施进一步降低人群的现在吸烟率。
Objective To understand the smoking status and influencing factors of residents in Shenzhen and provide evidence for further tobacco control. Methods From January to February of 2016, 274 non-smoking establishments were drawn from 10 districts of Shenzhen using the equal-proportion random sampling method. Each place intercepted 10 residents and effectively investigated 2 708 residents. The survey questionnaire was used to investigate the general situation of the respondents, the cognition of tobacco harms, the cognition, smoking behaviors and tobacco control attitude of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone to Control Smoking. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed with SPSS 19.0 software. Results The residents aged 15-70 in Shenzhen now have a smoking rate of 25.18%. There were significant differences in smoking rates among different sexes, ages, educational levels and occupational residents (P <0.01). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the scores of tobacco hazard knowledge were high (OR = 0.75,95% CI: 0.67-0.86), while those of male (OR = 12.94,95% CI 9.41-17.79) , 95% CI: 1.10-1.45). Tobacco control (OR = 3.70, 95% CI: 2.84-4.81) was a risk factor. Conclusions Elderly population, men and anti-tobacco control subjects should be listed as the key targets of tobacco control interventions. The smoking prevalence of the population can be further reduced by providing smoking cessation services, strengthening publicity, education and tobacco control law enforcement.