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目的 对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (obstructivesleepapneasyndrome,OSAS)患者和健康人的舌体及舌后区上呼吸道的CT测量资料进行对比研究。方法 OSAS患者共 59例 ,年龄与性别相近的健康成年人 57名 ,采用螺旋CT对上呼吸道进行连续扫描 ,观察 2组舌后区上呼吸道形态学的差异 ,测量并比较舌后区气道和舌体各测量参数的差别。结果 患者多表现为气道前后径大于左右径、颏舌肌分离、舌根与软腭接触和舌正中切迹。患者组舌后区上呼吸道的横截面积、左右径明显小于对照组 ;咽侧壁软组织厚度、舌体宽度、颏舌肌宽度、舌骨舌肌宽度和舌体横截面积均明显大于对照组 ;呼吸道前后径、咽后壁软组织厚度和舌体长度与对照组相比无明显变化。结论 OSAS患者舌后区上呼吸道较健康对照组狭窄 ,除咽侧壁软组织增厚外 ,颏舌肌、舌骨舌肌和舌体宽度的增加也是造成舌后区上呼吸道狭窄的主要原因。
Objective To compare CT data of the upper respiratory tract in the tongue and posterior region of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and healthy subjects. Methods A total of 59 patients with OSAS and 57 healthy adults of similar age and gender were enrolled in this study. The upper respiratory tract was continuously scanned with spiral CT to observe the morphological differences of the upper respiratory tract in the posterior lingual region. The airway and Differences between the measured parameters of the tongue. Results Most of the patients presented with airway anteroposterior diameter larger than left and right diameter, genioglossus muscle separation, tongue base and soft palate contact and tongue median notch. The cross-sectional area and left and right diameter of the upper respiratory tract in the posterior lingual region were significantly smaller in the patient group than those in the control group. The thickness of soft tissue, tongue width, lingual muscle width, lingual tongue muscle width and tongue cross-sectional area were significantly larger than those in the control group ; Anteroposterior diameter, posterior pharyngeal soft tissue thickness and tongue length compared with the control group no significant change. Conclusions Upper respiratory tract in the posterior lingual region of OSAS patients is narrower than the healthy control group. In addition to the thickened soft tissue of the pharyngeal wall, the increase of genioglossus muscle, lingual tongue muscle and tongue width are also the main causes of upper respiratory tract stenosis in the posterior lingual tongue.