流行病学研究表明,人类肿瘤的大多数系由环境致癌物诱发。因此,对已引入或准备引入人类社会的大量化学物质进行致癌性筛选试验就成为肿瘤预防的一个重要方面。长期以来,人们渴望能找到一种体外短期试验来替代费时久、花费大的体内诱癌试验。目前虽已有多种类型的体外短期试验可供选择(如微生物诱变试验、培养哺乳类细胞诱变试验和恶性转化试验、有关DNA水平的变化的测量以及哺乳类细胞的细胞遗传学试验等),具体方法也已有近 Epidemiological studies have shown that the majority of human tumors are induced by environmental carcinogens. Therefore, carcinogenicity screening of a large number of chemicals that have been introduced into or are intended to be introduced into human society has become an important aspect of cancer prevention. For a long time, people are eager to find an in vitro short-term test to replace the long time-consuming, expensive in vivo cancer test. There are many types of in vitro short-term tests currently available (eg, microbial mutagenesis, mammalian cell mutagenesis and malignant transformation assays, measurements of changes in DNA levels, and cytogenetic testing of mammalian cells ), The specific method has also been near