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Water environmental capacity of Lijiang River within Guilin city is researched. The relationship among concentration of pollutants and flow rate as well as water environmental capacity of Lijiang River is discussed. The changes of pollutant concentration in past years is analyzed. The results show that there exists a certain value of flow rate corresponding to a certain average concentration of pollutants on the upper and lower sections of the research area. If flow rate is greater than that value, the concentration of pollutants will decrease with the increase of flow. While the result will be the contrary when river flow is smaller than that value, that is to say, the concentration will increase with the increase of flow. To be aware of this regularity is of vital significance in water resource protection and comprehensive utilization[1].