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以湖南省桃源县为例,针对目前丘陵红壤开发存在的主要问题,在探明季节性干旱成因和发生规律、水资源合理调蓄利用依据的基础上,提出了红壤丘陵区抗御季节性干旱的水分管理对策和主要措施;通过不同经营模式的水土资源动态观测、分析,提出了红壤丘陵区土壤允许流失值应≤200 t·km-2·a-1、相应的降水径流系数<0.25 等水土资源协调发展的关键技术指标,并在丘陵红壤坡地上建立了土壤侵蚀模数<100 t·km-2·a-1 的“土壤-水分-生物”资源互利型的高效利用模式。同时,以市场为导向,优化产业结构为中心,应用上述研究成果,建立了茶叶、苎麻、果业、庭园高效生态农业等四大科技先导型的产业化规模经营体系,为我国红壤丘陵区的农业产业化开发提供实用模式与示范样板。
Taking Taoyuan County of Hunan Province as an example, aiming at the main problems existing in the development of hilly red soils at present, on the basis of ascertaining the causes and occurrence regularity of seasonal drought and the basis of rational water storage and utilization, the paper puts forward that the red soil hilly region should resist the seasonal drought Water management countermeasures and main measures. According to the dynamic observation and analysis of soil and water resources in different management modes, the allowable loss of soil in red soil hilly region should be ≤200 t · km-2 · a-1, the corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient <0.25 Resources and coordinated development of the key technical indicators and slope hills in the hilly region to establish a soil erosion modulus of <100 t · km-2 · a-1 “soil - water - biological resources” mutually beneficial type of efficient utilization model. At the same time, taking the market as the orientation and optimizing the industrial structure as the center, the four major scientific and technological leading industrialized scale operation systems of tea, ramie, fruit industry and garden eco-agriculture have been established based on the above research results. Agricultural industrialization to provide practical model and model demonstration.