选用3个大柱头亲本与4个雄性不育保持系按不完全双列杂交方式配制 F_1,考查9个花器性状的遗传变异和相关。柱头外露率具有最大的遗传变异,雌蕊诸性状次之。所有性状的广泛变异主要来源于遗传差异。大多数性状间的加性遗传相关明显。因此,杂交早代对这些性状的直接和间接选择都是有效的。长柱头、窄颖花基因型对提高柱头外露率有近乎同等的、重要的效应。 Three large stigma parents and four male sterile maintainers were used to prepare F_1 by incomplete double crosses. The genetic variation and correlation of nine flower traits were examined. Stigma exposed rate has the greatest genetic variation, pistil followed by traits. The wide variation of all traits comes mainly from genetic differences. The additive genetic correlation between most traits is significant. Therefore, both early and indirect selection of these traits in early hybridization are effective. The long stigma and narrow stigma genotypes have nearly equal and important effects on increasing the stigma exsertion rate.