美国属于普通法系国家,但很早就确立了公诉制度。美国的公诉职能主要是由检察官来行使的。检察官在做出指控决定时需要考虑很多相关的因素,包括延缓起诉和分流项目及选择指控的级别和数量。同时要依据两个主要的证据标准,即可能性根据的证明标准和超出合理怀疑的证明标准。检察官决定起诉之后,案件一般还要经过一定的审查程序才能进入审判。主要有两种审查模式:大陪审团审查模式和预审听证的审查模式。 The United States is a common law country, but it has long established the system of public prosecutions. The public prosecutorial functions in the United States are mainly exercised by prosecutors. Prosecutors need to consider many relevant factors in making an allegation decision, including deferring the level and amount of prosecution and diversion projects and the choice of allegations. At the same time, it is based on two main standards of evidence, that is, proofs of probabilities and proofs that exceed reasonable suspicion. After the prosecutor decides to prosecute, the case usually goes through certain examination procedures before it can go to trial. There are two main modes of review: the grand jury review mode and the pretrial hearing review mode.