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目的:分析老年社区获得性肺炎的临床表现、病原学特点,从而得到更有效的临床治疗方法。方法:选取我院170例老年社区获得性肺炎患者,观察并归纳总结其临床特点;取患者痰液,对其做细菌培养,从而分析病原菌种类,并且选取头孢菌素、喹诺酮类药物、氨基糖苷类药物进行药敏试验。结果:临床表现:咳嗽79.41%;咳痰74.11%;胸闷68.24%;肺部听诊有啰音64.12%;心悸58.24%;发热81.76%;食欲减退55.89%;恶心呕吐47.06%;精神萎靡65.29%;运动迟缓34,12%。病原菌种类:肺炎链球菌31.18%;大肠埃希菌24.12%;克雷伯杆菌12.35%;铜绿假单胞菌10.59%;真菌2.94%;其它病原菌12.35%;阴性结果6.47%。头孢菌素敏感性达71.23%、喹诺酮类药物敏感性达65.34%、氨基糖苷类药物敏感性达72.65%。结论:临床上老年社区获得性肺炎症状不典型,医生要根据患者自身情况进行对症治疗,选择合适药物。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical manifestations and etiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly, so as to obtain more effective clinical treatment. Methods: A total of 170 elderly patients with acquired pneumonia in our hospital were selected and their clinical features were observed and summarized. Sputum from patients was used for bacterial culture to analyze the pathogens, and cephalosporins, quinolones, aminoglycosides Drug susceptibility testing. Results: The clinical manifestations were: cough 79.41%; sputum 74.11%; chest tightness 68.24%; pulmonary auscultation with rales 64.12%; heart palpitations 58.24%; fever 81.76%; loss of appetite 55.89%; nausea and vomiting 47.06%; apathetic 65.29% Slow movement 34,12%. Pathogenic bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae 31.18%; Escherichia coli 24.12%; Klebsiella bacteria 12.35%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10.59%; fungi 2.94%; other pathogens 12.35%; negative results 6.47%. The sensitivity of cephalosporins was 71.23%, the sensitivity of quinolones was 65.34%, and the sensitivity of aminoglycosides was 72.65%. Conclusion: Clinical symptoms of elderly community-acquired pneumonia are not typical, the doctor should be based on the patient’s own symptomatic treatment, select the appropriate drug.