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本研究利用地方白菜型品种资源’雅安黄油菜’(YH)与常规甘蓝型油菜进行种间杂交,以期改变甘蓝型油菜的遗传特性,获得特殊的油菜育种资源。为获得正常的甘白杂交后代,通过对F1代种子在培养基上利用秋水仙素进行加倍处理,获得了染色体数目在40~58条不等的混倍体植株,混倍体植株在染色体数目、植株形态、花器官、生殖器官上都明显区别与非加倍杂交植株,并利用加倍提高了甘白杂交F1的自交结实率,在F3代中获得了遗传稳定的早代稳定系。对早代稳定系进行细胞学、形态学、SSR分子标记鉴定。确定早代稳定系遗传稳定,获得早代稳定系的方法为油菜种间杂交或远缘杂交提供了新的途径。通过对早代稳定系的细胞学、形态学、分子标记鉴定,早代稳定系是甘白杂交后代,并且在F3代已表现遗传稳定,说明油菜中也存在早代稳定现象,其遗传及形成机制还有待进一步研究。
In this study, we used interspecific hybridization between local cabbage variety ’Ya’an butterseed’ (YH) and conventional Brassica napus in order to change the genetic characteristics of Brassica napus and obtain special rapeseed breeding resources. In order to obtain the normal sweet white hybrid progeny, we obtained the hybrid plants with 40 to 58 chromosomes by doubling the F1 progeny with colchicine on the medium. The number of chromosomes , Plant morphology, floral organs and reproductive organs were significantly different from those of non-doubling hybrid plants, and double self-fertility rate of hybrid F1 was increased. In the F3 generation, a stable stable early-stable line was obtained. The stability of the early Department of cytology, morphology, SSR molecular marker identification. The method of determining the stability of the early stable lines and obtaining the stable lines of the early generations provided a new way for interspecific hybridization or distant hybridization of rapeseed. Through the identification of the cytology, morphology and molecular markers of the early stable lines, the early stable lines were the crosses of white cabbage and they were stable in the F3 generation, indicating that the early stable phenotypes existed in the rape and its inheritance and formation Mechanism remains to be further studied.