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吻素／吻素受体（Kisspeptin／Kiss1R）系统由 Kiss1基因编码的神经肽 Kisspeptin 及其受体Kiss1R组成。近年的研究表明，机体不同能量代谢状态可影响 Kisspeptin 的表达。在能量负平衡状态时，下丘脑Kiss1 mRNA表达水平下降，脂肪组织Kiss1 mRNA 表达增加。而在高脂饮食或肥胖状态下，下丘脑、脂肪组织中Kiss1 mRNA的表达水平可表现为增加、降低或不变。此外，Kiss1R基因敲除可导致成年雌性小鼠出现肥胖表型及糖代谢异常，而外源注射 Kisspeptin 对啮齿类动物的摄食有一定的抑制作用。因此，学者们认为Kisspeptin／Kiss1R系统也参与了机体能量代谢的调节。“,”Kisspeptin/Kiss1R system consists of the neuropeptide Kisspeptin(encoded by Kiss1) and its receptor Kiss1R.It has been demonstrated that changes in energy status can affect Kisspeptin levels.Energy deficiency reduces hypothalamic Kisspeptin expression and increases Kiss1 mRNA in adipose tissue.But under the circumstance of obesity or high fat diet,Kisspeptin expression is quite different,showing increase, decrease or no change.Kiss1R knockout results in impaired glucose intolerance and obesity in adult female mice,while kisspeptin administration may reduce food intake in rodents.Therefore,it has been reported that Kisspeptin/Kiss1R system is involved in the energy metabolism regulation.