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谷蛋白是水稻胚乳中主要的贮藏蛋白,约占总蛋白的80%。谷蛋白最初在粗糙内质网表面以57kD前体的形式合成,这些前体经加工转运等过程,最终沉积在第二类蛋白体PB-II中,裂解为成熟的酸碱性亚基。任一谷蛋白转运步骤的缺陷都有可能导致谷蛋白57kD前体的积累,形成谷蛋白前体增加突变体,即57H突变体。细老鼠牙是一个57H自然突变体,其57kD谷蛋白前体增加而相应的37~39kD酸性和22~23kD碱性亚基减少,此外,该突变体还表现为13kD醇溶蛋白大大增加。本研究以细老鼠牙与武运粳7号、02428杂交获得的F2群体为材料,对57H突变体进行遗传分析和基因定位,结果表明,细老鼠牙的57H突变性状受1对隐性核基因控制,暂命名为glup-t。利用简单重复序列(simple sequence repeat,SSR)、插入缺失(insertion deletion,Indel)和酶切扩增多态性序列(cleaved ampli-fied polymorphic sequence,CAPS)等分子标记的方法,将该突变基因glup-t定位在水稻第4染色体长臂上的CAPS4-3与Indel4-7、Indel4-8之间,遗传距离均为0.26cM。
Gluten is the main storage protein in rice endosperm, accounting for about 80% of the total protein. Gluten is initially synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum as a 57 kD precursor. These precursors are processed and transported to process and eventually deposited in the second class of protein bodies, PB-II, and cleaved into mature acid-base subunits. Defects in any of the gluten transport steps are likely to result in the accumulation of glutelin 57 kD precursors, leading to the increased gluten precursor, ie 57H mutant. Fetal tooth is a 57H natural mutant with a 57 kD glutelin precursor increase corresponding to a 37-39 kD acidity and a 22-23 kD base subunit decrease. In addition, the mutant shows a significant increase in 13 kD gliadin. In this study, F2 population obtained from the cross between Fusarium tooth and Wuyunjing 7 and 02428 was used as the material to carry out genetic analysis and gene mapping on 57H mutant. The results showed that the 57H mutation of fine mouse tooth was affected by one pair of recessive nuclear gene Control, tentatively named glup-t. The mutant gene glup was amplified by using simple sequence repeat (SSR), insertion deletion (Indel) and cleaved ampli-fied polymorphic sequence (CAPS) -t locates on CAPS4-3, Indel4-7 and Indel4-8 on the long arm of chromosome 4 of rice with a genetic distance of 0.26cM.