提出了基于相平面轨迹的海底底质分类的方法,从海底回波信号的相平面轨迹中提取两个特征量:最大距离特征量和距离分布特征量。利用这两个量的统计特征来完成对不同海底的分类,并将该方法应用于处理海上实验数据。结果表明:该方法可靠地识别出了两种相近(沙-粉沙-粘土与粉沙质粘土)但不相同的海底底质类型,说明这种方法用在海底底质分类是可行有效的。 A method of ocean floor sediment classification based on phase plane trajectory is proposed. Two features are extracted from the phase plane trajectory of seafloor echo signals: the maximum distance feature and the distance distribution feature. The statistical characteristics of these two quantities are used to complete the classification of different seafloor and the method is applied to the treatment of marine experimental data. The results show that this method can reliably identify two seafloor sediment types that are similar but different (sand-silt-clay and silty clay), which shows that this method is feasible and effective for the classification of sea floor sediments.