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禾本科作物开花后是产量形成的最主要时期。水稻抽穗至成熟期的物质积累量占产量的50%~90%,开花后叶片量和质动态变化在很大程度上又决定于开花后氮素的吸收和分配。花后氮素的吸收与运转还与氮素的生理效率密切相关。作物生长模拟技术在描述作物生长发育和生理生态动态过程和作物管理决策方面取得显著的成效。该研究就作物花后氮素吸收与分配的生理生态、氮素吸收与分配的动态模拟以及开花后氮素吸收、转移与籽粒蛋白质含量遥感监测的关系等方面的研究进行了综述。
Gramineous crops after flowering is the most important period of production. The amount of material accumulation from heading to maturity accounts for 50% -90% of the yield. The dynamic changes of leaf mass and quality after flowering largely depend on the absorption and distribution of nitrogen after flowering. Nitrogen absorption and operation after flowering are also closely related to the physiological efficiency of nitrogen. Crop growth simulation techniques have yielded significant results in describing crop growth and development as well as the dynamic processes of physiological and ecological processes and crop management decisions. This review summarizes the physiological and ecological responses to crop nitrogen assimilation and allocation, dynamic simulation of nitrogen uptake and distribution, and the relationship between nitrogen uptake and translocation after flowering and remote sensing monitoring of grain protein content.