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灾害社会学是社会学的新兴分支,它以社会调查、统计分析为工具,研究自然灾害对人类社会的经济结构、科技发展、社会组织、角色行为、生活方式等方面的影响;揭示灾害与社会的关系;探讨预防、控制或减轻灾害的措施和对策.一、灾害社会学简史.随着世界人口的急剧增加,城市化的迅速发展和人类改造自然范围的不断扩大,灾害呈现出逐渐增加的趋向.美国国家科学院院长F·普雷斯等人建议把20世纪的最后10年宣布为“国际减轻灾害的10年”,主张开展全球性的“减轻灾害”国际科学合作.这一主张得到了许多国家的政府和学术团体的响应,它促进了灾害社会学的诞生.
Sociology of Disasters is a new branch of sociology, which uses social surveys and statistical analysis as a tool to study the impact of natural disasters on the economic structure, science and technology development, social organization, role and behavior, life style and other aspects of human society; First, a brief history of disaster sociology With the rapid increase in the world population, the rapid development of urbanization and the continuous expansion of the natural range of human transformation, the disasters show a gradual increase The United States National Academy of Sciences Dean F. Press and others proposed to declare the last 10 years of the 20th century “10 years of international disaster mitigation” and advocate for a global “disaster mitigation” of international scientific cooperation. The response of many national governments and academic groups has prompted the birth of disaster sociology.