,Non-planar and Non-linear Second Sound Waves in He Ⅱ

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Non-planar and non-linear second sound wave are experimentally investigated in an open He Ⅱ bath. It is found that second sound wave characterized by a negative tail part in an open He Ⅱ bath is different from that propagating through a channel, and the shape of the negative tail part of second sound wave varies at different location in an open He Ⅱ bath. Theoretical consideration is also carried out based on two-fluid model and vortex evolution equation. It is found that experimental and theoretical results agree rather well with each other. Second sound wave may develop into the thermal shock wave provided that the heat flux is large.
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