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为了对载人航天器中 SPE制氧系统进行优化改进 ,根据热力学守恒定律、能量输运规律以及相关电化学理论 ,建立了系统工作过程的数学模型 ,通过数值模拟方法对系统进行了性能分析。结果表明 ,提高电解槽工作电流密度 ,不仅有利于提高电流效率和氧产量 ,也有利于减小单位产氧量的电耗 ;而提高氧、氢产品背压会对系统工作产生不利影响 ,产氧量下降 ,且单位产氧量的电耗升高 ;工作温度的提高 ,既有正面影响 ,如理论分解电压下降 ,单耗减小 ,也有负面影响 ,如造成电流效率降低 ,产氧量下降。研究结果对载人航天器中水电解制氧系统的设计及运行有一定指导意义。
In order to optimize and improve SPE oxygen generation system in manned spacecraft, the mathematical model of the system working process is established according to the law of conservation of thermodynamics, energy transport law and related electrochemical theory. The performance of the system is analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that increasing the operating current density of the electrolyzer not only helps to improve the current efficiency and oxygen production, but also reduces the power consumption per unit oxygen production. Increasing the backpressure of oxygen and hydrogen products will adversely affect the system operation. The amount of oxygen decreased, and the unit power consumption of oxygen increased; working temperature increases, both positive effects, such as the theoretical decomposition voltage drop, unit consumption decreases, but also negative effects, such as causing the current efficiency decreases, oxygen production decreased . The results of this study are of guiding significance to the design and operation of water electrolysis oxygen system in manned spacecraft.