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建筑物易损度评价作为泥石流易损度评价的重要组成部分,其研究是实现城镇及居民点泥石流风险定量化和风险管理的必要环节。综述近30年来,泥石流作用下建筑物易损度研究的发展过程,并指出以统计分析方法建立的建筑物易损度曲线普适性差且力学机理不明等问题,提出数值计算和模型实验的手段获取建筑物结构易损度的机理模型。由于建筑物易损度研究问题本身的复杂性,统计分析方法仍将作为建筑物易损度研究的重要手段,力学机理明晰的研究方法则将成为今后研究的难点和热点。此外,地震、滚石、雪崩等类似灾种的易损度研究方法和成果可被借鉴到泥石流领域。针对灾害中因结构破坏引发人员伤亡的情况,建议采用时间概率和基于条件概率的事件树方法计算建筑物内人员易损度。最终形成综合结构和人员易损度研究成果的建筑物易损度评价方法。
Evaluation of building vulnerability is an important part of vulnerability assessment of debris flow, and its research is a necessary part to quantify and risk management of debris flow risk in urban and residential areas. In the recent 30 years, the development process of vulnerability study of buildings under the debris flow was reviewed. The problems of numerical calculation and model experiment were pointed out by using the statistical analysis method to establish the universal weakness curve of building vulnerability and the unknown mechanics mechanism. Obtain the mechanism model of vulnerability of building structure. Due to the complexity of the problem of building vulnerability study, statistical analysis method will still be used as an important means to study the vulnerability of buildings, and the research methods with clear mechanics will become the hot spots in the future. In addition, the research methods and achievements on the vulnerability of earthquakes, rolling stones, avalanches and other similar hazards can be borrowed from the debris flow field. In view of the situation of casualties caused by structural damage in disasters, it is suggested to calculate the vulnerability of buildings in buildings by using time probability and event tree based on conditional probability. Finally, the evaluation method of vulnerability of buildings will be formed based on the research results of comprehensive structure and personnel vulnerability.