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为了动态跟踪并把握城市地下道路机动车排放特征,基于隧道实测法,于2012年和2013年先后对上海市的延安东路越江隧道、翔殷路越江隧道、长沙市营盘路湘江隧道内的CO,NO_x浓度分布及相关环境参数进行了现场实测,并推算得到可反映中国城市地下道路车流综合平均CO,NO_x污染物排放因子现状水平的数据。结果表明:对于双洞单向下凹式城市地下道路,由外界产生的自然通风力的作用非常有限,而由机动车运动产生的交通通风力对隧道内污染物扩散和稀释起到了积极作用;坡度为-6%~6%条件下,下凹式城市地下道路混合车流CO,NO_x综合平均排放因子分别为(0.754±0.561)~(6.050±5.940),(0.121±0.022)~(0.818±0.755)g·km~(-1)·veh~(-1),推算结果与世界道路协会2012年关于中国地区的研究结果有较好的一致性,明显小于现行相关公路隧道规范的设计值。研究结果为中国城市地下道路通风工程设计提供了重要的参考依据。
In order to dynamically track and grasp the characteristics of vehicle emissions from urban underground roads, based on the measured tunnels, the co-operation between CO of Yanjiang East Road, Yuejiang Road, Xiangyin Road, Xiangjiang River Tunnel, Yingpan Road, Changsha City, , NO_x concentration distribution and related environmental parameters were measured on site, and the data reflecting the status quo of emission factors of comprehensive average CO, NO_x in urban underground road traffic in China were calculated. The results show that the effect of natural ventilation produced by the outside world is very limited for the double-row unidirectional concave urban underground road, and the traffic ventilation force generated by the motor vehicle plays a positive role in the diffusion and dilution of pollutants in the tunnel. Under the conditions of -6% -6% slope, the integrated average emission factors of CO and NO_x in the underpass urban road were (0.754 ± 0.561) ~ (6.050 ± 5.940), (0.121 ± 0.022) ~ (0.818 ± 0.755) ) g · km ~ (-1) · veh ~ (-1). The results are in good agreement with those of World Roads Association in 2012 in China and are obviously less than those of the current relevant highway tunnel codes. The results provide an important reference for the design of ventilation in urban underground roads in China.