目的:报道1例先天性肺囊腺瘤的临床特点、影像学特点。方法:对1例出生后表现呼吸窘迫样综合症的新生儿行胸部X线检查及胸部CT检查,分析新生儿呼吸窘迫综合症的常见病因和该患儿的异同,结合胸部X线检查,需考虑少见病可能,并回顾该病产前超声筛查的经验及国外报道的治疗经验。结果:先天性肺囊腺瘤是一种罕见病,发病率低,临床可表现为进行性的呼吸困难,孕母一般有羊水过多,胸平片上均呈多房型蜂窝状肺囊肿样阴影,并将附近支气管推移,甚至将纵隔推至对侧而出现纵隔疝,囊腔内容可分为含气、含液与含液气三种。囊壁与周围肺组织分界一般较清楚。CT片能见到其多个蜂窝样结构类似多房囊肿,内有液性密度,囊壁较一般真正囊肿厚而且厚薄不均匀。结论:先天性肺囊腺瘤产前超声检查技术成熟,为CCAM首选的检查方式,产前确诊不困难,系列超声研究胎儿胸腔病变有助于明确这些病变的具体类型,确定其病理生理特征,预测临床结局,并基于预后形成处理意见,出生后有明确症状者则需要急诊手术治疗,无严重合并症及其他异常存在时,预后一般较好。 Objective: To report a case of congenital cystic adenoma of the clinical features, imaging features. Methods: One newborns with respiratory distress syndrome after birth were examined by chest X-ray and chest CT. The common causes of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and their similarities and differences were analyzed. Combined with chest X-ray examination, Consider the possibility of rare disease, and review of the disease prenatal ultrasound screening experience and foreign treatment experience reported. Results: Congenital pulmonary cystadenoma is a rare disease, the incidence is low, the clinical manifestations of progressive dyspnea, pregnant women generally have polyhydramnios, chest radiographs were multi-chamber honeycomb pulmonary cyst-like shadow, And near the bronchus, and even pushed to the opposite side of the mediastinum hernia, cystic contents can be divided into gas, containing liquid and containing liquid three. The walls of the lung and the surrounding lung tissue are generally clearer. CT films can see its multiple honeycomb-like structure similar to multi-room cysts, there are liquid-density, cyst wall thickness than the average general and uneven thickness. CONCLUSIONS: The technology of prenatal ultrasound examination of congenital cystadenocarcinoma is mature. It is the first choice of CCAM examination. Prenatal diagnosis is not difficult. A series of ultrasonographic studies on fetal pleural disease can help clarify the specific types of these lesions and determine their pathophysiological characteristics. Prognosis of clinical outcome, and the formation of opinions based on the prognosis, the birth of a clear symptom who need emergency surgery, no serious complications and other abnormalities, the prognosis is generally better.