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目的:对北柴胡不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a的含量和急性毒性大小进行比较研究,探讨炮制对北柴胡柴胡皂苷a含量与毒性的影响。方法:运用HPLC法、经典急性毒性实验法,进行北柴胡不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a的含量测定及急性毒性比较研究。结果:北柴胡生品,清炒品,醋炙品,酒炙品和蜜炙品不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a的百分含量依次为0.60%,0.23%,0.56%,0.39%,0.35%。北柴胡生品,清炒品,醋炙品,酒炙品和蜜炙品没有出现死亡,测得最大给药量(MLD)值按含生药量计算分别为26.4,31.2,27.6,28.8,32.4 g.kg-1,分别相当于临床70 kg人每公斤体重日用量的205,242,214,224,252倍,连续观察14 d,小鼠一般状况良好,无一死亡。结论:北柴胡不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a含量和毒性各不相同,且各样品均未出现死亡,其最大给药量显示北柴胡的各炮制品基本安全低毒,提示炮制对北柴胡药材柴胡皂苷a含量和安全剂量范围大小有一定影响。
Objective: To compare the content and acute toxicity of saikosaponin a in different processed products of Bupleurum chinense, and discuss the influence of processing on the content and toxicity of saikosaponin a. Methods: HPLC method and classical acute toxicity test were used to determine the contents of saikosaponin a in different processed products of Bupleurum chinense and its acute toxicity. Results: The percentages of saikosaponin a in different processed products of Bupleurum chinense, fried products, vinegar, sunburn products and honey Sunburn products were 0.60%, 0.23%, 0.56%, 0.39% and 0.35%, respectively. Bupleurum chinense, fried products, vinegar Sunburn products, wine Sunburn products and honey Sunburn products did not die, the measured maximum dose (MLD) calculated by the amount of crude drug were 26.4,31.2,27.6,28.8,32.4 g .kg-1, respectively, equivalent to clinical 70 kg per day of body weight of 205,242,214,224,252 times, continuous observation of 14 d, the mice in general good condition, no death. Conclusions: The content and toxicity of saikosaponin a in different processed products of Bupleurum are different, and no deaths occur in all the samples. The maximum dose of Bupleurum nigrum shows that the processed products of Bupleurum chinense are basically safe and low toxicity, Bupleurum medicinal saikosaponin content and safety dose range size have a certain impact.