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目的了解河南省1995—2014年输入性恶性疟的流行特征,为该省输入性恶性疟防治提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对河南省1995—2014年输入性恶性疟疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 1995—2014年河南省共有疟疾病例49 521例,年均发病率为2.63/10万;输入性恶性疟共有783例,在1995—2006年间变化不大,从2007年开始,输入性恶性疟处于上升趋势,在疟疾病例中所占的比例也逐年上升,2007—2014年各年输入性恶性疟发病率呈渐近显著性(χ~2=8.000,P=0.005);各省辖市均有发病,发病率高于全省平均发病率的有濮阳、洛阳、郑州、安阳、新乡和许昌6个省辖市;全年均有发病,5—7月发病较多;青壮年男性为发病主要人群;职业分布中以农民、工人和民工为主;2000年前主要感染来源于国内其他省份,其后主要来源于非洲国家地区;患者自发病到确诊时间的中位数为3d,最长为334d,24h内被确诊的有88例,占11.24%。结论河南省输入性恶性疟疾发病率总体呈上升趋势,需要加强对流动人口的管理,做好输入性恶性疟的防控与管理工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported falciparum malaria in Henan Province from 1995 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for the control of falciparum malaria in the province. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of imported malaria cases in Henan Province from 1995 to 2014. Results A total of 49 521 cases of malaria were reported in Henan Province from 1995 to 2014, with an average annual incidence rate of 2.63 per 100 000. A total of 783 imported falciparum malaria cases changed little from 1995 to 2006. Since 2007, In the upward trend, the proportion of malaria cases also increased year by year. The incidence of imported falciparum malaria in 2007-2014 was asymptomatic (χ ~ 2 = 8.000, P = 0.005) Incidence, the incidence rate higher than the province’s average incidence of Puyang, Luoyang, Zhengzhou, Anyang, Xinxiang and Xuchang 6 provincial cities; incidence all year round, more incidence in May-July; young male onset of disease Population; occupational distribution mainly to peasants, workers and migrant workers; 2000 years ago, the main source of infection from other provinces in the country, followed mainly from African countries; patients from the onset to the median diagnosis time was 3d, the longest 334d, 24h were diagnosed in 88 cases, accounting for 11.24%. Conclusion The incidence of imported falciparum malaria in Henan Province is generally on the rise. It is necessary to strengthen the management of floating population and prevent and control imported falciparum malaria.