在胺与卤代烷产生的烷基化反应中,生成的胺盐与胺之间存在着质子转移平衡,所得产物为复杂的混合物,用此法制备叔胺产率较低。相转移催化为一新的实验方法,它能改变许多传统化学反应的进程。本文研究了选用适当的相转移催化剂参与由胺与卤化烷制备叔胺的反应,并对某些反应条件进行了探索,找到了影响叔胺产率的因素。 In the alkylation of amines with alkyl halides, there is a proton transfer equilibrium between the amine salt formed and the amine, resulting in a complex mixture of products resulting in lower yields of tertiary amines. Phase transfer catalysis is a new experimental method that can change the course of many traditional chemical reactions. In this paper, the appropriate phase-transfer catalysts were selected to participate in the reaction of amines with alkyl halides to prepare tertiary amines. Some of the reaction conditions were explored, and the factors influencing the yield of tertiary amines were found out.