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面上拾音是把传声器放在离一个平面很近处检拾声波,拾音点声压可提高近一倍,且直接声与反射声彼此不易干涉,很适于在桌上对语言拾音。本文介绍了一种采取面上拾音而指向性可变的传声器及其指向性选择器。说明了面上拾音的机制及其对指向性的影响。所试制的传声器用有两个单指向驻极体电容传声器,使其正面相对,通过改变两传声器输出电压比而取两者之和或差的方法,实现了指向性可变。指向性可在七档中任选,如全指向、单指向、双指向、超心形指向、宽心形指向等。给出了这种传声器的结构和参数。
The pickup on the surface is to place the microphone close to a plane to pick up the sound waves. The sound pressure at the pickup point can be doubled, and the direct sound and the reflected sound are not easily interfered with each other, so it is suitable for picking up the language . This article presents a microphone that uses a directional pickup on the surface and a variable directivity microphone and its directional selector. Explain the mechanism of the pickup on the surface and its influence on the directivity. The microphones produced by the experiment have two single-directional electret condenser microphones, which are opposite to each other. The method of changing the output voltage ratio of the two microphones and taking the sum of the two or the difference makes it possible to change the directivity. Directivity can be optional in the seventh gear, such as all-point, one-way, two-point, supercardioid point, wide point and so on. The structure and parameters of this microphone are given.