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一、对河南省主导产业的评析 80年代末期,我国工业化加快,改革开放深入,从全国范围讲,产业结构迫切需要调整和升级转换。为此,国家全面开展了产业政策的研究和制定工作,并开始注重东中西三大地区的协调发展。在支持优惠政策上,逐步从地区倾斜向产业倾斜转变。其产业政策的核心是培育和发展主导产业,全国各省都紧紧围绕这个问题出台了明确的产业政策。例如,浙江省突出轻型工业高级化;湖北省突出以汽车为重点的机械工业和以钢铁为重点的冶金工业;云南省突出卷烟工业。湖南省选择了六大主导产业:化工、有色金属、机械电子、食品、轻纺、建筑建材。选出的主导产业都是大行业,太笼统,含盖面太宽,重点不突出。产业结构演进的阶段性不明确,过分注重区域经济内部产业结构自成体系和自我协调性,战线过长,影响了产业结构高级化进程。实际上,河南省所选择的主导产业基本上包括了一般的工业部门,结果起不到应有的带动作用。
First, the analysis of the leading industries in Henan Province In the late 1980s, China’s industrialization accelerated, deepening reform and opening up, from a nationwide perspective, the urgent need to adjust and upgrade the industrial structure conversion. To this end, the state has conducted a full study and formulation of industrial policies and started to focus on the coordinated development of the three major eastern, central and western regions. In support of preferential policies, and gradually tilt from the regional tilt to the industry. The core of its industrial policy is to nurture and develop leading industries. All the provinces in the country have promulgated a clear industrial policy around this issue. For example, Zhejiang Province highlights the advancement of light industrialization; Hubei Province highlights the automobile-focused machinery industry and the steel-focused metallurgical industry; and Yunnan Province highlights the cigarette industry. Hunan chose six leading industries: chemical industry, non-ferrous metals, machinery and electronics, food, textile, building materials. The major industries selected are large industries, too general, covering too broad, the focus is not prominent. The stage of the evolution of the industrial structure is not clear. Too much stress on the self-contained and self-coordination of the industrial structure within the regional economy has led to the long frontline, which has affected the process of the industrialization. In fact, the leading industries selected by Henan Province basically include the general industrial sector, and the results can not be brought into due diligence.