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目的探讨低血糖生成指数(GI)膳食在维吾尔族糖尿病患者中的应用效果,为新疆糖尿病防治工作积累经验。方法选择符合条件的80名2型糖尿病患者随机分为实验组和对照组各40例,实验组以GI知识为主要教育内容,对照组以食物交换份法和平衡膳食教育为主,通过社区授课、实物演示、门诊和电话咨询等方式进行营养干预和膳食指导6个月。采用24h膳食回顾法和体格测量。结果与营养干预前和同期对照组相比,实验组干预后钙、VitA和VitC的摄入增加,分别为(590.20±173.45)mg、(374.37±191.02)μgRE、(79.92±19.52)mg。脂肪摄入量降低,为(67.24±31.92)g(P<0.05或P<0.01)。两组营养干预前后体格指标比较,差别无统计学意义。结论在社区糖尿病防治工作中进行低GI膳食指导,可有效地改善维吾尔族2型糖尿病患者的饮食结构。
Objective To investigate the effect of low glycemic index (GI) diet in Uygur diabetics and to gain experience for the prevention and treatment of diabetes in Xinjiang. Methods Eighty eligible patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into experimental group and control group with 40 cases each. The experimental group took GI knowledge as the main educational content, the control group took the food exchange method and balanced dietary education as the mainstay, and taught through the community , In-kind presentation, outpatient consultation and telephone counseling and other means of nutritional intervention and dietary guidance for 6 months. 24h diet review and physical measurement. Results Compared with the control group before and during the nutrition intervention, the intake of calcium, VitA and VitC in experimental group increased (590.20 ± 173.45) mg, (374.37 ± 191.02) μgRE, (79.92 ± 19.52) mg respectively. Fat intake decreased (67.24 ± 31.92) g (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Before and after the nutritional intervention of two groups of physical indicators, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Low GI diet guidance in the prevention and treatment of community diabetes can effectively improve the diet of Uygur patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.