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本文系统地讨论了机车车体模态分析所涉及的模态理论,研究了车体结构的模型化方法和机车车体的模态特征。利用车体结构的对称性,通过合理地约束对称面上节点位移,使得车体结构模态分析可以通过三种模型,即对称弯曲模型、反对称弯曲模型和扭曲模型的计算分步完成,从而大大降低了模型规模。三种模型的计算结果表明,车体振型分为整体振型和局部振型。整体振型包括对称弯曲振型、反对称弯曲振型和扭曲振型。局部振型主要为侧壁和司机室的局部振动。
This paper systematically discusses modal theory involved in modal analysis of locomotive body, and studies the modeling method of body structure and modal features of locomotive body. Using the symmetry of vehicle body structure, by reasonably restraining the node displacement on the symmetry plane, the modal analysis of the vehicle body structure can be completed in three steps, that is, the symmetrical bending model, the anti-symmetrical bending model and the distorted model calculation. Greatly reduce the model size. The calculation results of the three models show that the vehicle body vibration modes are divided into overall vibration modes and local vibration modes. The overall modes include symmetrical flexural modes, antisymmetric flexural modes and torsional modes. The local vibration mode is mainly the local vibration of the side wall and driver’s cab.