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政策和方针密不可分。方针是引导事业或工作前进的方向和目标的指针，如国家或政党在一定历史时期内，为达到特定的目标而确定的指导原则。方针是理论见之于实践的决定性环节之一。政策是国家或政党为实现一定历史时期的政治、经济、文化等目的而制定的统一的行动准则。我们可对把《邓小平文选》一至三卷中提到的几十种具体政策概念，按客体、主体、时间、空间、性质等为参照系来分，但这仅仅是技术性的感性认识。而要理解其实质仅对政策概念整理分类是不够的。本文旨在探索邓小平经济政策思想的最本质的内容以及与之相关联的政策体系。
Policies and guidelines are inseparable. A guideline is a guideline for guiding the direction and objectives of a career or work, such as the guiding principles set by a country or a political party in order to achieve a specific goal during a given historical period. Policy is one of the decisive aspects of theory seen in practice. Policy is a unified code of conduct for the political, economic and cultural purposes of a certain historical period. We can distinguish dozens of specific policy concepts mentioned in Volumes 1-3 of “Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping,” based on the object, subject, time, space and nature, but this is merely a technical perceptual understanding. It is not enough to understand the essence of the concept of policy classification. This article aims to explore the most essential contents of Deng Xiaoping’s economic policy and the related policy system.