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在生产水足迹理论指导下,使用粮食生产虚拟水的算法,基于联合国粮农组织推荐的CROPWAT软件的计算构架,对山东省主要农作物冬小麦、夏玉米2011年的生产虚拟水及其水足迹进行了计算。结果表明,山东省冬小麦的生产水足迹以绿水足迹为主,且数值高于夏玉米生产水足迹,夏玉米绿、蓝水生产水足迹比例均衡;山东省冬小麦、夏玉米作物蓝、绿水足迹低于华北平原地区但高于吉林省同类作物;因而山东省具备提高水资源利用效率的空间;施用农药化肥产生的灰水足迹在总水足迹的比重中较为适中,但因冬小麦、夏玉米种植面积较大,仍需做好面源污染的控制,才能在实现粮食增产的同时达到环保目标。
Under the guidance of the theory of production water footprint, the algorithm of food production of virtual water was used to calculate the production of virtual water and its water footprint in 2011 in Shandong Province, the main crops of winter wheat and summer maize based on the computational framework of CROPWAT software recommended by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization . The results showed that the production water footprint of winter wheat in Shandong Province was dominated by the green water footprint, which was higher than that of the summer maize water footprint and the proportion of water footprint of the summer maize green and blue water was balanced. The winter and summer maize crop blue and green water The footprint is lower than that of the North China Plain but higher than that of the Jilin Province. Therefore, Shandong Province has the space to improve the efficiency of water resources utilization. The gray water footprint produced by the application of pesticides and fertilizers is moderate in the proportion of the total water footprint. However, due to winter wheat, Larger acreage still needs to be well controlled by non-point source pollution so as to achieve the goal of environmental protection while increasing grain output.