为了使广大科技人员全面系统地了解和利用日本专利文献及正确掌握日本专利检索方法，迅速检索所需的专利文献，本文分两期介绍日本专利的种类、专利公报、专利的检索工具、专利的检索途径和检索实践。并重点介绍国际专利分类法、标记分类符号的一般规则、在日本国内的运用和使用ＩＰＣ进行文献检索方法等。 In order to enable the general scientific and technical personnel to understand and make use of the Japanese patent documents in a comprehensive and systematic manner and correctly grasp the Japanese patent search methods and quickly retrieve the required patent documents, this article introduces the types of Japanese patents, patent gazettes, patent search tools, patents Search Pathways and Retrieval Practices. It also focuses on the general rules of the International Patent Classification, the classification of symbols, the use of IPC in Japan and the literature search method.