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重门击柝,以待暴客,盖取诸《豫》。这段话的原意是:设置重门,打梆巡夜,以防盗寇,大概取象于《豫》卦。这一句,我们先逐字解析。“重门”就是厚门,《说文解字》日:“重,厚也”。“柝”是古代打更用的梆子,古时巡夜以两木互击,即今所谓“更梆”。“待”就是对待。“暴客”就是强盗,盗贼。这一句,完整地联系起来,是说黄帝、尧、舜时期,人们开始在房屋和城墙上安装厚门,晚上派人打更击梆,以事先防范强盗和盗贼的入侵。其社会背景是怎样的呢?这里有一条发展脉络,黄帝之前,可谓是民风淳朴、夜不闭户;后来随着社会分工的细化、社会财富的累积,人民居住的房屋由简单的茅草屋升级为“上栋下字”的正式木屋,并建造起了城郭,同时由于人口的增加与往来频繁,社会上出现了强盗、盗贼这样的恶人。因此,就有了“设置重门,打梆巡夜,以防盗寇”一事,这样的大事要记载、要传承,则有了豫卦。
Heavy door hit 柝, pending atrocities, cover take “Yu.” The original intent of this passage is: to set up the door again, hit the night of night to prevent invaders, probably taken as “Yu” Gua. This sentence, we first word analysis. “Heavy door ” is thick door, “Explain Word” Day: “heavy, thick also ”. “柝 ” is used in ancient times to play with prickly heat, the ancient night tour to two wooden interception, now called “more 梆 ”. “To be ” is treated. “Tyrannical” is robbers, thieves. This sentence, completely linked, means that in the period of the Yellow Emperor, Yao and Shun, people began to install thick walls in houses and walls and send more people to attack at night to prevent the intrusion of robbers and thieves in advance. The social background is what? Here is a development context, before the Yellow Emperor, can be described as simple folk, night off; with the refinement of social division of labor, the accumulation of social wealth, people’s housing from a simple thatched cottage to upgrade to The formal wooden house “built on the roof” and built the castle, at the same time due to the increase of population and frequent contacts, there have been robbers and thieves in society. Therefore, there is a “set the door again, playing night of the night, to prevent pirates ” on the issue, such a major event to record, to heritage, then the Yu Gua.