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目的评价上颌窦底植骨种植术的远期临床应用效果及其相关影响因素。方法74例患者接受100侧上颌窦底植骨,共植入种植体206颗。采用单纯自体骨、骨代用品或混合骨作为植骨材料。术后随访1～9年,平均3.5年。结果种植体5年存活198颗,累积存活率为92.28%,共8颗种植体脱落。未发生上颌窦炎,植骨材料稳定。13例颏部取骨术后曾出现下唇暂时性感觉迟钝或麻木,后均恢复,全部患者对种植修复效果满意。结论上颌窦底植骨种植术是上颌骨后牙区骨量不足时,临床效果可靠的重建方法,修复远期效果好;影响远期效果的因素为过度负荷、种植方式及患者的口腔卫生状况。
Objective To evaluate the long-term clinical effect and related factors of maxillary sinus floor graft. Methods A total of 74 implants were implanted in 74 patients undergoing maxillary sinus floor graft. Using pure autologous bone, bone substitute or mixed bone as a bone graft material. Follow-up 1 to 9 years, an average of 3.5 years. Results The 5-year survival of the implant 198, the cumulative survival rate was 92.28%, a total of 8 implants off. Maxillary sinusitis did not occur and bone graft material was stable. Thoracic surgery in 13 cases had a temporary lower lip sensation or numbness after posterior osteotomy, were restored, all patients on the implant repair satisfactory results. Conclusions Maxillary sinus floor implantation is a reliable method for reconstructing the clinical results when the bone mass in the posterior area of the maxillary bone is not enough. The long-term effect is good. The factors influencing the long-term effect are over-load, planting methods and oral hygienic status .