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干旱缺水与水土流失是制约黄土高原经济社会可持续发展的两大瓶颈。几十年的水土保持实践表明,降水径流的利用和调控是解决这两大障碍的有效手段,是黄土高原水土保持科学理论的继承与进一步发展。从降雨径流运行规律、雨水资源潜力的计算与评价、降雨径流优化配置理论与方法、降雨径流利用的生态和环境效应4个方面分析了黄土高原降雨径流调控利用应用基础研究方面的进展。最后,提出了近中期降雨径流调控利用应用基础研究的若干重点,为有效控制黄土高原水土流失和缓解干旱缺水提供借鉴。
Drought, water shortage and soil erosion are the two major bottlenecks that restrict the sustainable economic and social development in the Loess Plateau. Decades of soil and water conservation practices show that the use and regulation of precipitation runoff are effective measures to solve these two obstacles and are the inheritance and further development of the scientific theory of soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau. Based on the runoff runoff laws, the calculation and evaluation of the potential of rainwater resources, the optimal allocation theory and method of rainfall runoff, and the ecological and environmental effects of rainfall runoff utilization, the progress in the application of basic research on the regulation of rainfall runoff in the Loess Plateau was analyzed. Finally, some key points of basic research on the application of rainfall-runoff regulation in near-middle period are put forward, which can provide reference for controlling soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau and alleviating drought and water shortage effectively.